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Properties of substance:

ethanol



skc-file

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C2H6O

Structural formula as text:

C2H5OH

Molar/atomic mass: 46.069

Melting point (°C):

-114.15

Boiling point (°C):

78.39

Decomposition temperature (°C):

600

CAS №: 64-17-5





Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane: miscible [Ref.]
acetic acid: miscible [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : miscible [Ref.]
benzene: miscible [Ref.]
chloroform: miscible [Ref.]
diethyl ether: miscible [Ref.]
ethanol: miscible [Ref.]
glycerol: miscible [Ref.]
hydrogen chloride liquid anhydrous: soluble [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : very soluble [Ref.]
methanol: miscible [Ref.]
oxygen liquid: 0.0022 (-195.6°C) [Ref.]
sulfuric acid: reaction [Ref.]
water: miscible [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

(layer 1): water 82.378%, ethanol 3.409%, sodium carbonate 14.213%, (layer 2): water 24.732%, ethanol 75.159%, sodium carbonate 0.109%, 20 °C [Ref.]
(layer 1): water 59.24%, ethanol 32.75%, manganese(II) sulfate 8.01%, (layer 2): water 62.37%, ethanol 15.02%, manganese(II) sulfate 22.61%, 25 °C [Ref.]
(layer 1): water 53.04%, ethanol 44.82%, potash 2.14%, (layer 2): water 70.61%, ethanol 9.28%, potash 20.11%, 25 °C [Ref.]
(layer 1): water 22.76%, ethanol 76.82%, potash 0.35%, (layer 2): water 59.82%, ethanol 1.38%, potash 38.8%, 25 °C [Ref.]
(layer 1): water 12.73%, ethanol 87.17%, potash 0.2%, (layer 2): water 50.16%, ethanol 0.34%, potash 49.5%, 25 °C [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

1% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.99636 (20°)
5% (wt.), solvent - water
  Flash point (°C) = 61.
10% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.98187 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 50.
  Freezing point (°C) = -4.5
20% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.96864 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 39.
  Freezing point (°C) = -10.5
30% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.95382 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 32.
  Freezing point (°C) = -20.
40% (wt.), solvent - water
  Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 2.846 (20°)
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.94238 (10°)
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.93518 (20°)
  Index of refraction = 1.3583 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 28.
  Freezing point (°C) = -29.4

50% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.91384 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 25.
60% (wt.), solvent - water
  Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 2.547 (20°)
  Density (g/cm3) = 0.8911 (20°)
  Index of refraction = 1.3638 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 22.
  Freezing point (°C) = -43.8
70% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.86766 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 20.
80% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.84344 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 18.
90% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.81797 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 16.
95% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.80424 (20°)
  Flash point (°C) = 14.
96% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.80138 (20°)
97% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.79846 (20°)
99% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 0.79243 (20°)

Not numerical data:

teratogen

Density:

0.80625 (0°C, g/cm3)
0.80207 (5°C, g/cm3)
0.79788 (10°C, g/cm3)
0.79367 (15°C, g/cm3)
0.78945 (20°C, g/cm3)
0.78522 (25°C, g/cm3)
0.78097 (30°C, g/cm3)
0.77671 (35°C, g/cm3)
0.77329 (39°C, g/cm3)
0.754 (60°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. Yeild 94-95%. [Ref.1]
    C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
  2. Yeild 95%. [Ref.1]
    C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
  3. Yeild 60%. [Ref.1aster]
    C2H5NH2 + HNO2 → C2H5OH + N2 + H2O

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1]
    C6H5OH + C2H5OH → C2H5C6H4OH + H2O
  2. Yeild 80%. [Ref.1]
    SO2Cl2 + C2H5OH → ClSO2OC2H5 + HCl
  3. Yeild 56%. [Ref.1, Ref.2aster]
    C2H5OH + Cl2O7 → C2H5OClO3 + HClO4
  4. [Ref.1]
    C2H5OH + MnO2 + H2SO4 → CH3CHO + MnSO4 + 2H2O

Refractive index (nD):

1.3611 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (-31.3°C)
10 (-2.3°C)
12.24 (0°C)
23.77 (10°C)
40 (19°C)
44 (20°C)
78.66 (30°C)
100 (34.9°C)
133.42 (40°C)
219.82 (50°C)
350.2 (60°C)
400 (63.5°C)
540.9 (70°C)
811.8 (80°C)
1186.5 (90°C)
1692.3 (100°C)
2359.8 (110°C)
3223 (120°C)
3800 (126°C)
7600 (151.8°C)
15200 (183°C)
38000 (230°C)

Dissociation:

pKBH+ (1) = -5.1 (25°C, water)
pKa (1) = 18 (20°C, water)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

25 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-277.63 (l) [Ref.]
-234.8 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG (298 K, kJ/mol)

-174.8 (l) [Ref.]
-167.9 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

160.7 (l) [Ref.]
281.6 (g) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

113 (l) [Ref.]
65.6 (g) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol)

5.02 (s) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol)

42.3 (l) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of solution ΔsolH (kJ)

-11.195 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 200 mol of water] [Ref.]
-10.7 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 100 mol of water] [Ref.]
-0.3 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 0.28 mol of water] [Ref.]
-1.7 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 1.7 mol of water] [Ref.]
-8.2 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 10.2 mol of water] [Ref.]

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol)

1370.7 (l) [Ref.]

LD50 (mg/kg):

9000 (rats, oral)
8000 (mice, oral)

Critical temperature (°C):

243

Critical pressure (MPa):

6.38

Critical density (g/cm3):

0.2755

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-22
  2. Chemical Reviews. - 1932. - Vol. 10, No. 3. - pp. 465-506
  3. Flick E.W. Industrial solvent handbook. - 5ed. - 1998. - pp. 249-291
  4. Gangolli S. The Dictionary of Substances and their Effects. - 2 ed., Vol. 4, E-J. - RSC, 1999. - pp. 90-94
  5. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 129-156
  6. Smallwood I.M. Handbook of organic solvent properties. - 1996. - pp. 65-67
  7. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.1. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 369-371 [Russian]
  8. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 111, 229 [Russian]
  9. Закусов В.В. Фармакология. - М.: Медгиз, 1960. - pp. 65-72 [Russian]
  10. Каррер П. Курс органической химии. - Л.: ГНТИХЛ, 1960. - pp. 114, 118-126 [Russian]
  11. Маркизова Н.Ф., Гребенюк А.Н., Башарин В.А., Бонитенко Е.Ю. Спирты. - С-Пб.: Фолиант, 2004. - pp. 8 [Russian]
  12. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 558 [Russian]
  13. Неотложная помощь при острых отравлениях: Справочник по токсикологии. - Под ред. Голикова С.Н. - М.: Медицина, 1977. - pp. 105 [Russian]
  14. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 198-199 [Russian]
  15. Реутов О.А., Курц А.Л., Бутин К.П. Органическая химия. - 2-е изд., Ч.1. - М.: Бином. Лаборатория знаний, 2005. - pp. 223 [Russian]
  16. Справочник по производству спирта: сырье, технология и технохимконтроль. - 2-е изд, М.: Легкая и пищевая промышленность, 1981. - pp. 80-84 [Russian]
  17. Справочник химика. - 2 изд., Т.1. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1966. - pp. 549 [Russian]
  18. Стабников В.Н. Перегонка и ректификация этилового спирта. - М.: Пищевая промышленность, 1969 [Russian]
  19. Токсикологическая химия. - Под ред. Калетиной Н.И. - ГЭОТАР-Медиа. - pp. 697-722 [Russian]
  20. Токсикологический вестник. - 2004. - №4. - pp. 2-10 [Russian]
  21. Хёрд Ч.Д. Пиролиз соединений углерода. - Л.-М.: ГОНТИ РКТП СССР, 1938. - pp. 138-140 [Russian]
  22. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 501-503 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru