acetic acid

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Properties of substance:

acetic acid

skc-file

Synonyms:

ethanoic acid

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C₂H₄O₂

Structural formula as text:

CH3COOH

Molar/atomic mass: 60.052

Melting point (°C):

16.64

Boiling point (°C):

117.8

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,2-dichloroethane: miscible [Ref.]
acetone: miscible [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : soluble [Ref.]
benzene: miscible [Ref.]
carbon disulphide: soluble [Ref.]
chloroform: miscible [Ref.]
diethyl ether: miscible [Ref.]
ethanol 98.9%: 35.1 (-75°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 98.9%: 378.5 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 98.9%: miscible (16.6°C) [Ref.]
glycerol: miscible [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : very soluble [Ref.]
water: 203 (-20°C) [Ref.]
water: 669 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: miscible (16.6°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 71.5%, acetic acid 28.5%, -10 °C, separating phase: H2O [Ref.]
water 50.8%, acetic acid 49.2%, -20 °C, separating phase: H2O [Ref.]
water 40.%, acetic acid 60.%, -26,7 °C, separating phase: CH3COOH + H2O [Ref.]
water 33.%, acetic acid 67.%, -20 °C, separating phase: CH3COOH [Ref.]
water 22.5%, acetic acid 77.5%, -10 °C, separating phase: CH3COOH [Ref.]
water 13.%, acetic acid 87.%, 0 °C, separating phase: CH3COOH [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

0,5% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -0.16
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 0.3 (20°)
6% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0069 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = -1.9
6,5% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -2.09
10% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0126 (20°)
Surface Tension (mN/m) = 51.4 (30°)
Freezing point (°C) = -3.23
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 1.5 (20°)
16,21% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -5.2
20% (wt.), solvent - water
Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 1.431 (20°)
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0261 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.3472 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = -6.81
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 1.7 (20°)
30% (wt.), solvent - water
Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 1.669 (20°)
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0383 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.3537 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = -10.84
30,1% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -10.9
40% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0488 (20°)
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 1.1 (20°)
41,5% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -15.9
50% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0575 (20°)
50,6% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -19.8
55,5% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -22.3
60% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0642 (20°)
61,86% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -24.2
66,44% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -20.5
69% (wt.), solvent - water
Boiling point (°C) = 103.2
70% (wt.), solvent - water
Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 2.629 (20°)
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0686 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.3738 (20°)
Flash point (°C) = 63.

72% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0691 (20°)
74% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0695 (20°)
76% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0699 (20°)
77% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.07 (20°)
Boiling point (°C) = 104.4
78% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.07 (20°)
80% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0699 (20°)
80,65% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = -7.4
82% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0696 (20°)
84% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0691 (20°)
86% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0684 (20°)
88% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0674 (20°)
90% (wt.), solvent - water
Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 2.386 (20°)
Density (g/cm³) = 1.066 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.3771 (20°)
90,09% (wt.), solvent - water
Freezing point (°C) = 3.6
92% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0643 (20°)
94% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.062 (20°)
96% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0589 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = 10.34
97% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.057 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = 11.68
98% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0549 (20°)
99% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.0525 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = 14.74

Hygroscopic:

yes

Density:

1.0492 (20°C, g/cm³)

Reactions:

[Ref.1]
CH₃C≡CH + CH₃COOH → CH₃COOC(CH₃)=CH₂
Yeild 96,9%. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3]
SiCl₄ + 4CH₃COOH → (CH₃COO)₄Si + 4HCl
[Ref.1]
Al(OH)₃ + 2CH₃COOH → (CH₃COO)₂AlOH + 2H₂O
Yeild 70-77%. [Ref.1]
Pb₃O₄ + 8CH₃COOH → Pb(CH₃COO)₄ + 2Pb(CH₃COO)₂

Refractive index (n_D):

1.372 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

10 (17.1°C)
40 (42.4°C)
100 (62.2°C)
400 (98.1°C)
560 (109°C)
1520 (143.5°C)
3800 (180.3°C)

Dissociation:

pK_BH⁺ (1) = -6.2 (25°C, water)
pK_a (1) = 4.756 (25°C, water)
pK_a (1) = 11.4 (25°C, dimethylsulfoxide)

Retention indices for gas chromatography:

633 (phase - 100% dimethylsilicone)
622,3 (phase - dimethylsilicone with 5% phenyl groups)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

6.15 (20°C)

Dipole moment (D):

1.74 (20°C)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

1.155 (25.2°C)
0.79 (50°C)
1.232 (20°C)

Surface tension (mN/m):

27.8 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-487 (l)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-392.5 (l)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

159.8 (l)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

123.4 (l)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ_fusH (kJ/mol):

11.53

Flash point (°C):

Autoignition temperature (°C):

454

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):

876.1

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-432.2 (g)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-374.2 (g)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

283.5 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

63.4 (g)

Enthalpy (heat) of solution Δ_solH (kJ)

1.536 (l) [solvent: water, 18°C, 1 mol in 6400 mol of water] [Ref.]
-9.68 (l) [solvent: nitric acid, 25°C, 1 mol in 1 mol of nitric acid] [Ref.]

LD₅₀ (mg/kg):

3310 (rats, oral)
525 (mice, intravenous)

Critical temperature (°C):

321.6

Critical pressure (MPa):

5.79

Critical density (g/cm³):

0.3506

Critical volume (cm³/mol):

171.1

References:

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 3-4
Lewis R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. - 11ed. - Wiley-interscience, 2004. - pp. 15-16
Milne G.W.A. Gardner's Commercially Important Chemicals. - Wiley-Interscience, 2005. - pp. 6
Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 101-117
Альберт А., Сержент Е. Константы ионизации кислот и оснований. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 118 [Russian]
Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.2. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 5-6 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 229 [Russian]
Каррер П. Курс органической химии. - 2-е изд., под ред. Колосова М.Н. - Л.: ГНТИХЛ, 1962. - pp. 249-250 [Russian]
Корольченко А.Я., Корольченко Д.А. Пожаровзрывоопасность веществ и материалов и средства их тушения. - 2 изд, Ч.2. - М.: Ассоциация Пожнаука, 2004. - pp. 567-568 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 563 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 186 [Russian]
Реутов О.А., Курц А.Л., Бутин К.П. Органическая химия. - 2-е изд., Ч.1. - М.: Бином. Лаборатория знаний, 2005. - pp. 223 [Russian]
Реформатский С.Н. Начальный курс органической химии. - М.-Л.: ГИ, 1930. - pp. 318-320 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1188-1193 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 1020-1021 [Russian]
Фролов Г.М., Шабуров М.А. Производство уксусной кислоты. - 3 изд. - М.: Лесная промышленность, 1978 [Russian]
Хёрд Ч.Д. Пиролиз соединений углерода. - Л.-М.: ГОНТИ РКТП СССР, 1938. - pp. 315-318 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 32-33 [Russian]

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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru

Properties of substance:

acetic acid

Synonyms:

Group of substances:

Physical appearance:

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Structural formula as text:

Molar/atomic mass: 60.052

Melting point (°C):

Boiling point (°C):

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

Properties of solutions:

Hygroscopic:

Density:

Reactions:

Refractive index (nD):

Vapour pressure (Torr):

Dissociation:

Retention indices for gas chromatography:

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

Dipole moment (D):

Viscosity (mPa·s):

Surface tension (mN/m):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

Flash point (°C):

Autoignition temperature (°C):

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Enthalpy (heat) of solution ΔsolH (kJ)

LD50 (mg/kg):

Critical temperature (°C):

Critical pressure (MPa):

Critical density (g/cm3):

Critical volume (cm3/mol):

References:

Refractive index (n_D):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ_fusH (kJ/mol):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Enthalpy (heat) of solution Δ_solH (kJ)

LD₅₀ (mg/kg):

Critical density (g/cm³):

Critical volume (cm³/mol):