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Properties of substance:

chromium

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

gray cubic metal

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Cr

Structural formula as text:

Cr

Molar/atomic mass: 51.996

Melting point (°C):

1890

Boiling point (°C):

2680

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

lithium molten: 0.0025 (700°C) [Ref.]
mercury: 0.00000000003 (18°C) [Ref.]
mercury: 0.0000072 (200°C) [Ref.]
sodium fused: 0.0002 (700°C) [Ref.]
water: insoluble [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1797

Density:

7.19 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3aster]
    Cr + 2F2 → CrF4

Half-life:

4224Cr = 13.3 ms (β+ (100%), β+p (94.4%))
4324Cr = 21.1 ms (β+ (100%), β+p (81%))
4424Cr = 42.8 ms (β+ (100%), β+p (14%))
4524Cr = 60.9 ms (β+ (100%), β+p (34.4%))
4624Cr = 257 ms (β+ (100%))
4724Cr = 500 ms (β+ (100%))
4824Cr = 21.56 h (β+ (100%))
4924Cr = 42.3 min (β+ (100%))
5024Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 4,345%))
5124Cr = 27.701 d (electron capture (100%))
5224Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 83,489%))
5324Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 9,501%))
5424Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 2,365%))
5524Cr = 3.497 min (β- (100%))
5624Cr = 5.94 min (β- (100%))
5724Cr = 21.1 s (β- (100%))
5824Cr = 7.0 s (β- (100%))
5924Cr = 1050 ms (β- (100%))
59m24Cr = 96 μs (internal transition (100%))
6024Cr = 490 ms (β- (100%))
6124Cr = 243 ms (β- (100%))
6224Cr = 206 ms (β- (100%))
6324Cr = 129 ms (β- (100%))
6424Cr = 43 ms (β- (100%))
6524Cr = 27.5 ms (β- (100%))
6624Cr = 23.8 ms (β- (100%))

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.001 (1240°C)
0.1 (1513°C)
1 (1695°C)
10 (1922°C)
100 (2220°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

23.6 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

23.3 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

21

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

338

References:

  1. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 52 [Russian]
  2. Ефимов А.И. и др. Свойства неорганических соединений. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1983. - pp. 210-211 [Russian]
  3. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 62 [Russian]
  4. Неорганические синтезы. - Сб. 1. - М.: ИИЛ, 1951. - pp. 10 [Russian]
  5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 110 [Russian]
  6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 617 [Russian]
  7. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 308-310 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru