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Properties of substance:

bismuth

Physical appearance:

hexagonal metal

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Bi

Structural formula as text:

Bi

Molar/atomic mass: 208.98

Melting point (°C):

271.4

Boiling point (°C):

1552

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

liquid ammonia: insoluble [Ref.]
water: insoluble [Ref.]
gallium: practically insoluble (30°C) [Ref.]
mercury: 1.42 (18°C) [Ref.]
mercury: miscible (267°C) [Ref.]

Density:

9.8 (20°C, g/cm3)
10.27 (271°C, g/cm3)
10.03 (300°C, g/cm3)
9.91 (400°C, g/cm3)
9.66 (600°C, g/cm3)
9.2 (962°C, g/cm3)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.01 (487°C)
0.1 (614°C)
1 (767°C)
10 (947°C)
100 (1144°C)

    Electrode potential:

    Bi3+ + 3e- → Bi, E = 0.215 V (water, 25°C)

    Viscosity (mPa·s):

    1.66 (304°C)
    1.27 (461°C)
    1 (600°C)

    Surface tension (mN/m):

    388 (300°C)

    Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

    0 (s)

    Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

    0 (s)

    Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/mol·K):

    56.9 (s)

    Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/mol·K):

    26 (s)

    Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

    11.05

    Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

    177

    LD50 (mg/kg):

    5000 (rats, oral)

    References:

    1. Lewis R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. - 11ed. - Wiley-interscience, 2004. - pp. 512-513
    2. Гордон А., Форд Р. Спутник химика. - М.: Мир, 1976. - pp. 462
    3. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 50
    4. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 468-469
    5. Неорганические синтезы. - Сб. 1. - М.: ИИЛ, 1951. - pp. 10
    6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 58
    7. Справочник по редким металлам. - М.: Мир, 1965. - pp. 122-129
    8. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 379-380
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      © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru