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Properties of substance:
silicon
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
cubic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Si
Structural formula as text:
Si
Molar/atomic mass: 28.09
Melting point (°C):
1420
Boiling point (°C):
3300
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
aluminum fused
: soluble [
Ref.
]
hydrogen fluoride
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
lead
: 0.024 (1250°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
silver
: 9.22 (970°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1811
Hardness on the Mohs’ scale: 7
Density:
2.33 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.1 (1477°C)
1 (1665°C)
10 (1910°C)
100 (2239°C)
Surface tension (mN/m):
725 (1450°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
18.82 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
20.04 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
49.8
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
355.6
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
452 (g)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
167.9 (g)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
22.3 (g)
References:
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1487
Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 310-316 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 583, 586-587 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 74 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 595-596 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. - pp. 508-509 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru