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Properties of substance:

propionic acid


Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system):

C3H6O2

Structural formula:

CH3CH2COOH

Molar/atomic mass: 74.079

Melting point (°C):

-20.8

Boiling point (°C):

141.1

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

water: miscible
diethyl ether: miscible
hydrogen fluoride : very soluble
chloroform: miscible
ethanol: miscible

Density:

0.992 (20°C, g/cm3)

Index of refraction:

1.3874 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

10 (41.65°C)

    Dissociation:

    pKa (1) = 4.874 (25°C, water)
    pKa (1) = 7.02 (20°C, formamide)

    Dipole moment (D):

    1.75 (20°C)

    Viscosity (mPa·s):

    1.102 (20°C)

    Surface tension (mN/m):

    26.7 (20°C)

    Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

    -510.7 (l)

    Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/mol·K):

    191 (l)

    Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/mol·K):

    152.8 (l)

    Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):

    1536.4

    Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

    -455.7 (g)

    LD50 (mg/kg):

    1510 (, oral)
    1370 (white mice, oral)

    Critical temperature (°C):

    388.5

    Critical pressure (MPa):

    5.36

    References:

    1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-24
    2. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 186-193
    3. Альберт А., Сержент Е. Константы ионизации кислот и оснований. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 118
    4. Березов Т.Т., Коровкин Б.Ф. Биологическая химия. - М.: Медицина, 1988. - pp. 377-378
    5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 176
    6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 389
    7. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т.4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 107-108
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      © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru